Business, Economics and Management Research

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    Financial Inclusion and Stock Market Developmentin Kenya; ACase of Kajiado County
    (Blue Print Academic Publishers, 2024-09-22) Munene, Wanja Agnes; Koech, Alex
    The Group of Twenty (G20) recognizes that financial inclusion as a key enabler in the fight against poverty. In effort to alleviating poverty in Kenya, the government identified the stock market as a key avenue in mobilizing resources. The Development of its stock market is thus vital avenue that could be used to mobilize investment funds required for implementation of vision 2030 projects. However, the stock market is contributing less than one percent of growth financing against the government expectation of ten percent. This study therefore, sought to investigate the effect of financial inclusion on stock market development in Kenya. The specific objectives were to determine the effects of access to financial services, usage of financial services, quality of the products and the service delivery on stock market development in Kenya. Using stratified random sampling, a sample size of 482respondents was drawn from a target population.Multiple regression Model was employed in order to determine the relationship between financial inclusion and stock market participation in Kenya. The study found out there was a strong positive relationship between financial access, usage and product quality and stock market development.Also, financial access(β=.061, p<0.05), usage(β=.083, p<0.05)and product quality(β=.476, p<0.05)has a positive and statistically significant effect on stock market development in Kenya.In addition, the study found that most of the responses on advanced financial literacy questions were performed below average indicating low financial literate levels among the respondents.The study recommends that the county government initiate programs that will enhance financial inclusion in the county, this will not only enhance stock market development but also other market sectors.
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    EFFECT OF SUPPLY CHAIN OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ABSORPTIVE CAPACITIES AND PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NAIROBI COUNTY
    (International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 2017-12) Korir, Loice; Bonuke, Ronald; Kibet, Yusuf
    The aim of this study was to examine the direct and indirect effect of absorptive capacity and supply chain operational capability on performance of manufacturing firms in Nairobi Kenya. Explanatory research design and random sampling technique was used to collect data with the aid of a questionnaire from a sample of 200 firms. Reliability the research instrument was tested using Cronbach alpha. In order to test the hypotheses and the mediation effect, bootstrapping procedure was followed by testing the direct and indirect effect. The finding shows the significant direct effect of absorptive capacity on both performance and supply chain operational capability. Supply chain operational capability was also found to significantly, positively and directly affect performance. Lastly the result shows that Supply chain operational capability mediates the relationship between absorptive capacity and performance, hence providing new knowledge in research literature. Marketers have to recognize the central role of logistic capability, technological capability and structural capability together with acquiring, assimilating, transforming and exploiting the available business opportunities to enhance and sustain their performance in a competitive environment.
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    Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,anti-tyrosinase and phenolic contents off our Podocarpus species used in traditional medicine in South Africa
    (Elsevier Ireland, 2010-07-06) Abdillahi, Halima Saado; Finnie, J.F.; Staden, J.Van
    Ethnopharmacological relevance: Species of Podocarpus are used traditionally in their native areas for the treatment of fevers,asthma,coughs,cholera,chest complaints,arthritis,rheumatism,venereal diseases and distemper in dogs. Aims of the study: To investigate the antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-tyrosinase activities off our Podocarpus species, Podocarpus elongatus, Podocarpus falcatus, Podocarpus henkelii and Podocarpus lati-folius, used in traditional medicine in South Africa. Phytochemical analysis to determine the phenolic contents was also carried out. Materials and methods: DPPH, FRAPand -carotene-linoleic acid assays were used to determine the antioxidant/radical scavenging activities of these species. Anti-inflammatory activity of these species was assayed against two cyclooxygenase enzymes(COX-1 and COX-2).Tyrosinase inhibition activity was analysed using the modified dopachrome method with l-DOPA as the substrate. Phenolics were quantitatively determined using spectrophotometric methods. Results: Stems of Podocarpus latifolius exhibited thelowestEC50 (0.84 g/ml) inhibition against DPPH.The percentage antioxidant activity based on the bleaching rate of -carotene rangedfrom96%to99%.High ferric reducing power was observed in all the extracts.For COX-1,the lowest EC50 value was exhibited by stem extracts of Podocarpus elongatus (5.02 g/ml) and leaf extract of Podocarpus latifolius showed the lowest EC50 against COX-2(5.13 g/ml). All extracts inhibited tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner with stem extract of Podocarpus elongatus being the most potent with an EC50 value of 0.14mg/ml. The total phenolic content ranged from 2.38 to 6.94 mg of GAE/g dry sample. Conclusion: The significant pharmacological activities observed support the use of these species in traditional medicine and may also be candidates in the search for modern pharmaceuticals in medicine, food and cosmetic industries.
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    A new sesquiterpenoid from the rhizomes of Homalomena sagittifolia
    (Taylor and Francis, 2012-05) Wong, K.C.; Hamid, Abdul; Eldeen, I.M.S.; Asmawi, M. Zaini; Baharuddin, S.; Abdillahi, H.S.; Staden, J. Van
    A new sesquiterpenoid, 1 ,4 ,7 -eudesmanetriol (1), was isolated together with the known compounds 1 ,4 ,7 -eudesmanetriol (2) and oplopanone (3) from the rhizomes of Homalomena sagittifolia. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive spectral analyses. The compounds 1 and 2 inhibited growth of Pseudomonas stutzeri with a MIC value of 117 mM when evaluated for antibacterial activity using the minimum concentration assay. Both these compounds showed remarkable activities against acetylcholinesterase enzyme with IC50 values ranging between 25 and 26 mM. The isolation of these sesquiterpenoids and their biological activities observed in this study support the reported traditional uses of H. sagittifolia for the treatment of microbial related diseases and central nervous system disorders.
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    Use of Geo-Information Tools to Investigate Flood Risk: A Case Study of Kwale County
    (International Center for Humanitarian Affairs, 2020) Makena, Betty; Osunga, Michael; King'ori, Sarah; Abdillahi, Halima Saado
    Five years since the adoption of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, the concept of building resilience amongst communities to flooding is still a major concern in developing countries. This is evident from the ever-increasing flood events across Kenya and the inability of communities affected by floods to act appropriately prior to a flood event. Kwale County, in Kenya, the example of this study typifies this situation. Kenya Red Cross Society implemented a project whose goal was to strengthen institutional and community capacity in anticipatory flood risk management. The project employed the early warning services (EWS) model in understanding knowledge of flood risks. To investigate flood risk in Kwale County, openly available geo-information tools were used in systematic collection of information to understand areas exposed to floods, the communities affected and impacts they experience. These tools included; the Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) that identified flood prone areas and dwellings at risk of flooding from satellite imagery analysis. Open Street Map Automated Navigation Directions (OsmAnd) mobile navigation system that geo-located dwellings at risk of flooding and Kobo that collected geo-tagged data to validate inhabited buildings as to whether they are at risk of flooding. The results showed that, HAND technique identified dwellings at risk of flooding with 89% accuracy. Geo-location using OsmAnd showed that most houses identified to be at risk of flooding were falling within a circle with a radius of 5 meters. The results also show that the majority of the study area is characterized by moderate to very high flood hazard risks; 16% characterized by very high flood hazard risk, while 26% are at medium risk of flooding. This study demonstrates that HAND is a reliable tool for identification of houses at risk of flooding. The county government of Kwale and other acting institutions should endeavor in the use of these geo-information tools in investigating flood risk. Information obtained from these tools will enable such institutions to understand flood prone areas and communities at high risk of floods for better prioritization of early warning system needs and in guiding flood preparedness and early response activities.
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    EFFECT OF BUYER-SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIPS ON PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM KENYAN SUPERMARKET
    (European Scientific Journal, 2015-12-01) Korir, Loice
    The purpose of this paper was to establish the effect of buyer-supplier relations on procurement performance. The study was informed by social exchange theory. This study employed explanatory research design. The target population was 112 procurement and sales managers drawn from thirty-four (34) supermarkets located in Nairobi County. Census technique was used. Data was obtained using structured questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, means, and standard deviation. In addition, Pearson correlation and multiple regression models were used to test linear relationship and hypothesis testing respectively. Study results showed that commitment, communication, cooperation and trust has a positive and significant effect on procurement performance. Hence, high levels of commitment, trust, communication and cooperation enhance sustainable competitive advantage hence improving the procurement performance. The study therefore recommends that there is need for firms to have a long term partnership with the major suppliers and aim at giving maximum attention to the relationship with suppliers so as to maintain it and enhance competitive advantage which will lead to improved procurement performance. There is also need for firms to have frequent and timely communication with suppliers and inform them of unforeseen challenges. Suppliers need to keep the promises made to the firm and offer credible information and keep the firm’s best interests in mind. Suppliers need to be responsible for the results of the industrialization and manufacturing process of the supplied part. It is also recommended that this study be replicated in different business sectors within the other regions.
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    EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING FIRMS, NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA
    (International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research, 2015-03-31) Bonuke, Ronald; Korir, Loice
    The main purpose of the study was to determine the effect of entrepreneurial supply chain management competencies on organizational performance.
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    Effects of Socially Responsible Purchasing on Supply Chain Performance. Evidence from Kenya Supermarkets
    (European Journal of Business and Management, 2015-01-01) Korir, Loice; Komen, Joyce; Cherop, Felishana Jepkosgei; Kihara, Ngene Patrick
    The purpose of the study will be to determine effect of purchasing social responsibility on supply chain performance of supermarkets in UasinGishu County. The study was guided by Stakeholder Theory and Legitimacy Theory. For this study, questionnaire was used to collect data. The target population for the study was owners/managers of supermarkets. Multiple regression model was used to test hypothesis. We found that environment, diversity, human rights and safety constitute responsibility have a positive and significant effect on supply chain performance. However, purchasing social responsibility was found to be less practiced in supermarkets. Therefore, there need for firms to purchase from different ethnic groups and minority/women-owned business enterprises so as to bring value and innovation to the supply base, to work with suppliers to ensure that their processes and products are environmentally sound, to support and respect the protection of human rights and to ensure suppliers’ locations are operated in a safe manner.
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    Exploring Public-Private Partnerships for Sustainable Growth and Corporate Governance in Kenyan Universities
    (BluePrint Academic Publishers, 2024-01-27) Wanjau, Jackson; Maguta, Ann
    Kenyan universities are grappling with the dual challenge of achieving sustainable growth amidst financial constraints and ensuring effective corporate governance to meet global standards. Therefore, this study explored Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) for sustainable growth and corporate governance in Kenyan Universities. The study was guided by Institutional theory and Resource dependence theory. Descriptive research design was utilized in the study. The target populations were 96 top university management staff from 35 Universities in Kenya. Using Yamane’s formula, a sample size of 77 respondent was arrived at. Neyman allocation formula was used for sample size distribution. Stratified sampling technique was used to select respondents. Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data. Content validity and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine validity and reliability of the research instruments. Descriptive (frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation) was adopted to analyse collected data. The findings revealed universities uses joint venture partnerships, strategic partnerships, special purpose vehicle arrangement, build - transfer-and-operate and contract PPPs arrangements in the financing of infrastructure projects. Further, the respondents were to a little extent satisfied with use of green building design architecture, conservation of energy practices, conservation and preservation of water as an operational practice in PPPs. Lastly, they were to a moderate extent satisfied with the fact that implementation of operational practices is done with a focus on promoting effective corporate governance in universities in Kenya. Given the respondents' limited satisfaction, there is a need for universities and PPP stakeholders to intensify efforts in incorporating and promoting these sustainable practices. This involves leveraging innovative technologies, strategic partnerships, and rigorous monitoring to ensure that sustainability becomes a central tenet of future PPP initiatives.
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    The Effect of Organization Agility on Organization Performance in the Time of Covid-19: A Case of Universities in Kenya
    (Journal of Business, Economics and Management Research Studies, 2024-01-28) Wanjau, Jackson; Maguta, Ann
    The COVID-19 pandemic has ushered in an unprecedented era of challenges, particularly for institutions of higher education worldwide. In Kenya, universities have grappled with disruptions to traditional academic operations, including the sudden shift to remote learning, financial uncertainties, and changes in student and staff dynamics. This dynamic context has underscored the importance of organizational agility as a critical determinant of performance in the face of uncertainty. The ability of universities to swiftly adapt, innovate, and strategically respond to the evolving landscape is paramount for maintaining operational continuity, sustaining educational quality, and safeguarding the well-being of their academic community. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of organization agility on organization performance in the time of Covid-19 in universities in Kenya. The study was anchored The Path Goal Theory and Expectancy Theory. The study utilized mixed research design. The target population was 68 Chartered Public and Private Universities in Kenya. Structured questionnaire was distributed to human resource officer and top management officers from 34 selected universities. Construct validity and Cronbach's alpha was to determine validity and reliability of research instruments. Data was analysed descriptively and inferentially using multiple linear regression. Human resources agility had a positive and significant affect organization performance (β =0. 317; p=0.000). Also, innovation agility had a positive and statistically effect on organization performance (β =0.182; p=0.016). Further, information technology agility had a positive and statistically effect on organization performance (β =0.163; p=0.020). Lastly, strategic agility had a positive and statistically effect on organization performance (β =0.196; p=0.014). Based on the findings, it is recommended that universities institutions should strategically invest in enhancing agility across these four agilities.