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Item type:Item, A STUDY ON TEACHERS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY OF GARISSA TOWNSHIP SUB-COUNTY, KENYA(Open Access Publishing Group - European Journal of Education Studies, 2018)Salah Abdirahman FarahPerformance appraisal system is lately adopted by most companies and organizations to evaluate individual employee in order to get a clear picture of the specific employee. As much as the organizations have taken up the initiative of developing the tool, questions like is it useful, has it impacted on the productivity of these employees and how effective is it must be answered and well ventilated. The study dwelled and sought to answer the above questions on Teachers Service Commission of Kenya’s performance appraisal system through the teachers it has employed in the public schools in Garissa township sub-county. It was, through this research, found out that the general perception level among teachers towards the tool is positive. Teachers have seen it to be a good idea. It was also found that majority of the respondents were satisfied with the effectiveness of the system. The tool is quite effective in achieving the objective it was developed for. However, respondents were for the opinion that it has no impact on their work productivity. Work productivity depends on other factors including in-service training, motivation, clear mechanisms of promotion including academic qualification etc. it was also found out that the tool is useful but must be updated periodically to cater for various needs. In conclusion, the performance appraisal tool developed by Teachers Service Commission (TSC) called Teachers performance Appraisal and Development (TPAD) got approval from majority of the respondents in terms of its general perception, effectiveness and its usefulness to the teaching fraternity. However to get maximum production from the employees, the employer must also enhance all the factors mentioned by the teachers including clear criteria for promotion in order to achieve its set objectives. Article visualizations:Item type:Item, Prevention Strategies for the Crime of Adultery in the Light of Islamic Law(El-Aqwal Journal of Sharia and Comparative Law, 2024) ;Manswab Mahsen Abdulrahman ;Ali Hemed Awadh ;Hasan Yusuf Akasi ;Abdulatwif Ibrahim AbdallaKhadija ChuiAdultery is a serious offense which is prohibited in Islam. Adultery may cause a lot of repercussions, among them sexually transmitted infections (STIs), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). These infections are sexually transmitted through vaginal, anal, and oral. The significance of the research emerged due to a large number of deaths emanating from HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases caused by adultery; for example, statistically, about 374 million people living with STIs and more than 1 million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are acquired every day worldwide. A qualitative data analysis has been deployed in this study that has been gathered from a variety of sources, they include books, journal articles, reports, conference papers, and websites. The information has been analyzed through an explanatory research approach by providing scholars’ opinions and their arguments on the subject matter. Most importantly, this research has established that Islam indeed has put in place some preventive measures to reduce the risk of multi-crimes occurring and their potential harmful effects on individuals and the society at large, and more so, in reference to our study including: self-accountability, lowering the gaze (by shifting away on what is illegal to look at), meet with a non-mahram woman in privacy, shaking hands with a non-mahram woman, tabarruj (make-up grooming), command women to stay at home, wear Hijab for modesty and chastity, indulge in marriage and accept polygamy, impose penalty for adulterous disobedient, among others. In this regard, it is therefore, recommended to implement the preventive strategies set by Islam for the crime of adultery to uphold societal mortality and preserve the wellbeing of the society at a broader spectrum.Item type:Item, Plurality and Religious Tolerance in Islam(European Scientific Institute, 2016)Wilson Hassan NandwaIslam is a divine religion with comprehensive teachings and guidance revealed to Muhammad, may peace and blessing of Allah be upon him, to guide mankind in matters of faith, rituals and inter human relations. Therefore Muslims believe that they are the custodians of the truth and all other persons professing faiths other than Islam are doomed unless they embrace Islam before their death. It is also a fact that the adherents of other religions also believe that their faiths are exclusively the truth and other persons are doomed unless they profess that faith and denounce theirs and this applies to Muslims too. In such circumstances a Muslim may be tempted to impose his faith on non-Muslims, after all, he shall be imposing the truth on them which is in their best interest. The Prophet, may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was keen to convert non- Muslims to Islam even at his own detriment. Allah in several verses continuously reminded His Messenger that his duty is just to convey the message and that he has no authority over people to force them to embrace Islam; and also declared that there is no compulsion in the religion, therefore people should embrace the faith of their choice. Moreover, Allah enjoins Muslims to co-operate and interact with people of other faiths in good things and in fear of Allah, meaning in obedience of Allah. Despite of the misunderstanding between Muslims and non-Muslims and the bad things done to Muslims by nonMuslims previously; Muslims should not oppress non-Muslims and infringe on their rights, to the contrary, they should treat them with justice and avail to them their rights and opportunities. At the same time, Allah declared that he does not prohibit Muslims from doing good to non-Muslims who are not fighting or oppressing Muslims because Islam is treating people with justice and being kind and humble. On the other side Muslims were at war with non-Muslim powers since the inception of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula. Many verses in the Holy Quran were revealed to address the state of war requiring Muslims to delink themselves from their enemies and fight fearlessly employing all means and resources in their war. Similarly, several traditions of the Prophet, may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, referred to this situation of war and asked Muslims to fight and combat these non-Muslims enemies with all efforts. If these verses and traditions are interpreted out of their context, they shall portray Islam as a religion of intolerance and as a system that does not recognize diversity and plurality of human being yet, plurality is the beauty of the World. In this paper, we shall explore the verses and traditions on this subject and strive to interpret them against the background of their revelation and context in order to determine the parameters of Plurality in Islam. In this paper; Ridda refers to denouncing Muslim faith, Surah means a chapter in the Holy Quran and Hadith, Tradition or Sunnah refers to the teachings of Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessing of Allah be upon him.Item type:Item, Health-System Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Stillbirths among Women Delivering in Selected Hospitals of Marsabit County(Journal of Health Medicine and Nursing, 2025) ;Badane Amina WakoFatuma AffeyPurpose: The study sought to determine Health system factors associated with occurrence of stillbirths in selected hospitals in Marsabit County, Kenya Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive study design, targeting 387 women who delivered in selected hospitals in Marsabit County, to collect qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.0 while qualitative data were analyzed using N-Vivo software version 22. Inferential statistics were calculated using Chi Square and Fisher’s Exact Tests at 95% confidence interval and P<0.05 was considered significant. Findings: The rate of stillbirth occurrence was 5.9%. Health system factors such as distance (p=0.002), cost of transport (p=0.036), health information (p=0.004), type of insurance (p=0.029) and culture (p=0.031) were significantly associated with outcome of delivery. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The respondents from Marsabit County experienced relative high rates of stillbirth compared to the national figure. The outcome of delivery was significantly influenced by Health System Factors Contributing to Stillbirths Incidences in Marsabit County. These results may help address the high rate of stillbirth across the country and improve the delivery outcomes of pregnancies among mothers delivering in public hospitals.
